Technology Foresight Exercise in Pakistan: A Case Study

Technology Foresight (TF) is considered as an important tool for policy makers worldwide. United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) and European Union (EU) are considered as major players in this regard, though the foresight studies were pioneered by USA and Japan. In Pakistan, the TF activity started for the first time in 2008. As a result of mini Delphi Survey, the areas of economic importance were identified and Technology Foresight Exercise (TFE) was carried out by the expert panels in 13 areas. The expert panel method was used in the foresight process. After 4-6 meetings, subsequent discussions and presentations, different Panels prepared TF reports in their respective areas. The outcomes of the foresight study included identification of mega projects and networking of different groups. The areas on which the Technology Foresight studies have been completed, include: Agriculture, Energy, ICT, Education, Industry, Environment, Health, Biotechnology, Water, Nanotechnology, Electronics, Marine Resources and Public Health and Sanitation. These areas are discussed in the paper, in general while the process and results of Nanotechnology foresight have been discussed in detail. This exercise has helped in the identification of long term challenges and opportunities in different areas. Networks have been established among all stakeholders and the importance of long term S and T planning has been promoted.